Psoriasis, Vitiligo, Eczema

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The great advantage of 311 nm UVB light therapy is that it has no serious side effects, does not damage internal organs and is effective in reducing physical and psychological stress in patients by reducing skin symptoms and providing complete relief of symptoms. It is effective in 80% of cases. The advantage of benign UVB light treatment over others is the improvement in therapeutic effect and reduction in side effects.

Skin conditions treated with UVB light cannot yet be cured, only alleviated: skin symptoms may be reduced or completely eliminated, but may reappear with varying intensity. Maintenance treatments are recommended after the end of the symptomatic treatment to prevent recurrence.

In addition to being safe and highly effective, medical tanning is also convenient: the treatment lasts between 10 seconds and 8 minutes, so patients can see their treatment without waiting. During the first examination, the dermatologist determines the duration and timing of the sun exposure and then monitors the effectiveness of the treatment.

The benefits of UVB light therapy:

1. Efficacy: UVB phototherapy is an effective treatment for many skin conditions, such as psoriasis and eczema. Many patients experience a significant improvement in symptoms.

2. Few side effects: UVB treatment is generally associated with fewer side effects than other treatment options, such as systemic drugs or steroids.

3. Relatively rapid results: many patients experience rapid improvement following treatment with UVB light therapy. Patients with UVB treatment experience significant relief of symptoms after a few weeks.

4. Treatment option for more sensitive patients: UVB phototherapy may be safer for people who do not respond well to other types of medication or for whom other treatment options would be too risky.

5. Long-term treatment option: UVB light therapy can be used on a long-term basis, so that certain skin conditions can be treated permanently without causing serious side effects.

Psoriasis is an immune-mediated disease affecting the skin and/or joints. It affects 3% of the population.

Psoriasis develops when skin cells (keratinocytes) regenerate too quickly, every 3-4 days instead of the usual 28-30 day cycle, due to faulty immune signalling. These excess skin cells create red, scaly, flaky and inflamed rashes on the surface of the skin (usually appearing in a specific area - scalp, body folds, elbows, knees, nails) which can itch, bleed and be very painful.

The most common type is called plaque psoriasis, in which the skin becomes inflamed in patches called "lesions" and is covered with silvery white scales. Psoriasis can be limited to a few lesions, but can also cover medium to large areas of skin. The severity of psoriasis varies from person to person; in most people it is mild.

No, psoriasis is not contagious. It cannot be "caught" or "passed on". The lesions of psoriasis may not be pretty, but they are not contagious and are not open sores.

There is no specific blood test or diagnostic tool to diagnose psoriasis. The doctor or healthcare provider will usually examine the affected skin and determine whether psoriasis is the cause of the lesion.

There is no cure, but a variety of treatments - local (applied to the skin) and systemic (applied to the whole body) - can temporarily relieve symptoms. UVB light therapy can completely or partially eliminate the skin symptoms, but they may reappear with varying intensity. Maintenance treatments are recommended at the end of a treatment to relieve symptoms to prevent recurrence. Often several treatments need to be tried before it is clear which one will work for the patient.

Triggers can include emotional stress, skin damage, certain types of infections and reactions to certain medications. Stress can cause the first flare-up of psoriasis, but it can also aggravate psoriasis that has already developed.

Psoriasis can also develop on damaged or traumatised areas of the skin. This is known as Köbner's phenomenon. Stitches, sunburn and abrasions/scratches can also trigger the Köbner reaction. The Köbner reaction is treatable if started early. Certain medications, such as antimalarial drugs, lithium and certain beta-blockers can also trigger psoriasis.

Other triggers can include weather, diet and allergies.

Triggers vary from person to person, so the same cause that causes a flare-up of psoriasis in one person may not cause any reaction in another.

Psoriasis most commonly appears on the hairy scalp, knees, elbows and trunk, but it can also occur anywhere, including the nails, palms, soles, genitals and face (but this is rare). The lesions often appear symmetrically, meaning that they appear in the same place on the right and left sides of the body.

Psoriasis most commonly occurs between the ages of 15-35, but it can develop at any age. 10-15% of people with psoriasis develop it before the age of 10. It can also sometimes occur in babies, but this is rare.

People with psoriasis can lead mostly normal lives. Some people have low self-esteem because of the disease. Psoriasis is often misunderstood by the public and makes social interaction difficult. Depending on whether there are visible skin lesions can affect what work a person with psoriasis can do.

No, psoriasis comes in many forms. The most common is plaque psoriasis. Psoriasis can be mild, moderate, very severe or even disabling.

Spotted (plaque) psoriasis (75-80% of cases): This type is characterised by patchy, thickened red patches of skin covered with a silvery white layer of scales. It most commonly occurs on the knees, elbows, scalp, behind the ears, sacrum, navel, between the buttocks and around the genitals.

Guttate psoriasis (15-20% of cases): characterised by a rash of small, mottled scales of variable diameter, mostly on the trunk and sometimes on the face.

Pustular psoriasis (2% of cases): usually occurs in older patients. It occurs as a new disease or as a recurrence of plaque psoriasis. It is mainly characterised by reddening of the skin on the back of the hands and soles, oozing lesions and intense scaling.

Erythrodermic psoriasis (1-2% of cases): This type is characterised by inflamed rashes over most or all of the body surface with increased scaling.

Inverted psoriasis: Usually occurs in body folds, wrinkles (e.g. armpits, groin, skin folds of severely obese people). Rashes are usually smooth and red, but not scaly.

Scalp psoriasis (50% of psoriasis cases ): This is the plaque-type of psoriasis.

Eczema (atopic dermatitis) is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease caused by an imbalance in the immune system. It is characterised by dry, itchy skin that thickens due to constant rubbing and scratching, and itching along the wrinkles and folds of the skin; it most commonly occurs on the extremities. It usually occurs in waves: the affected area of skin improves markedly for a while, then flares up occasionally and atopic dermatitis recurs. Environmental influences (e.g. soaps, house dust and dust mite deposits, allergens in food or respiratory tract, detergents) can affect the likelihood of developing eczema and the occasional flare-up.

However, atopic dermatitis is not only triggered by external influences, as not everyone is affected by the same chemical, but also depends on the patient's body and even psychological state to develop eczema (susceptibility). For example, constant stress can lead to a deterioration of the body's resistance.

Eczema can be asymptomatic: skin symptoms may diminish or disappear completely, but may reappear with varying intensity. Maintenance treatments are therefore recommended after the end of the asymptomatic cure to prevent recurrence.

Eczema is one of the most common skin conditions, with 10% of the world's population suffering from some form. Certain substances can cause skin inflammation through irritation (toxic irritant dermatitis) or an allergic reaction (allergic contact dermatitis).

In toxic irritant dermatitis, an irritant (chemicals, cosmetics) causes acute dermatitis: the skin becomes bright red, warm to the touch, tight and shiny. High inflammation leads to blistering, oozing and peeling, accompanied by a burning, itching sensation.

In the case of an allergic reaction, contact with the substance (sometimes the first contact) does not cause a reaction, but subsequent contact may cause itching and inflammation within 4-24 hours. Symptoms vary in severity, ranging from mild redness to swelling with blistering. At first it occurs only where the skin has been exposed to the allergen, but may later spread to other parts of the body. The body does not "forget" the allergy for years.

People with vitiligo develop white patches of varying sizes on their skin, which can appear in several different places. The appearance of these spots is linked to the death of pigment cells, melanocytes, which no longer produce a pigment called melanin. Normally melanocytes are present everywhere in the skin, in the hair follicles, in the mouth and even in parts of the central nervous system. In vitiligo, pigment cells can disappear from any of these areas. Pigment loss most commonly affects the following areas:

• exposed areas: back of the hands, face, chest, upper part (décolletage).

• around the orifices: eyes, nostrils, mouth, nipples, navel, genitals

• in the folds of the body: armpits, groin

• location of injuries: cuts, bruises/abrasions, burns.

• hair: premature graying, beard and other hairs

• areas surrounding the painted mole

• cornea of the eye

Vitiligo affects at least 1% of the population. At least half of people with this skin condition will experience some degree of pigment loss before the age of 20, and around a third of people with vitiligo have a family history of the condition. Although most people with vitiligo are in good general health, they are at higher risk of developing vitiligo:

• hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism (overactive or underactive thyroid gland).

• severe anaemia (vitamin B12 deficiency)

• Addison's disease (reduced adrenal function)

• patchy baldness (hair loss in patches)

• and/or uveitis (inflammation of the eyes)

The development of vitiligo and the severity of pigment loss varies from patient to patient. People with fair skin tend to notice pigment loss in the summer, when the difference between white skin and tanned skin due to vitiligo becomes more noticeable. People with dark skin may notice the onset of vitiligo at any time. In more severe cases, pigment loss can affect the whole body. It is unpredictable how much pigment loss will occur in a given person. Illness and stress can increase symptoms. The degree of pigment loss may vary within individual patches of vitiligo and there may even be an abnormally dark border on the skin bordering the depigmented area.

The colour of skin, hair and eyes is usually determined by melanin. This pigment is produced by cells called melanocytes. When melanocytes are unable to produce melanin, or when their numbers are reduced, the skin becomes lighter or completely white, as in vitiligo.

In some people, vitiligo is confined to one or just a few areas of the body. This is called segmental vitiligo. Sometimes some people have both segmental and generalised vitiligo.

Most people find that the most common form of vitiligo is bilateral, which means that if a spot of vitiligo appears on one elbow, it will often appear on the other elbow at around the same time.

The term leukoderma is a general term for white skin. A more serious trauma, such as a burn, can destroy pigment cells and cause leukoderma. Vitiligo is just one type of leukoderma.

The correct answer to this question is currently no. Vitiligo is probably caused by several specific interacting factors. Research has improved our understanding of the physical and psychosocial aspects of vitiligo, but the cause and cure of the disease remain unknown. Today, vitiligo is asymptomatic.

Vitiligo cannot be cured, it only relieves the symptoms: skin blemishes may disappear completely or partially, but may reappear with varying degrees of intensity. Therefore, maintenance treatments are recommended after the symptomatic cure to prevent recurrence. In some areas of the skin, pigment-deficient, sharply convex white patches develop due to a lack of melanocytes (pigment-producing cells) or because they do not produce pigment. The affected area of skin has no protection from sunlight and can become inflamed and blistered even in mild sunlight. UVB light therapy can cause small islands of pigment to form in white patches and in two-thirds of cases more than 75% of the skin is re-pigmented. Unfortunately, repigmentation of more than 25-30% of the hands and feet is rare. In nearly one third of patients with vitiligo, the patient or a family member suffers from an autoimmune disease, most commonly affecting the thyroid gland (e.g. Graves' disease or Hashimoto's thyroiditis). It is therefore recommended that patients with vitiligo have laboratory tests (blood tests) to detect the presence of autoantibodies and to monitor thyroid function, so that the disease can be detected and treated in time. The cost of the test is 14.000.- Ft , which does not include the test fee.

Lichen ruber planus is a recurrent, itchy rash or inflamed rash area on the skin. It begins with the appearance of small, discrete purple nodules (greyish patches in the mouth) that coalesce into rough, scaly plaques. It is not a rare disease, affecting 2% of the population and most commonly affecting middle-aged people. Patients are more often women than men.

There is no cure, only relief: the skin symptoms may disappear completely or partially, but may reappear with varying intensity. Maintenance treatments are therefore recommended after recovery to prevent recurrence. The onset of the disease may be sudden or gradual.

We cannot treat the mucosal symptoms of licher ruber planus, only the skin symptoms with UVB light therapy!

Knowing the cause of its development; immune response to an external or internal antigen. Certain drugs, chemicals or infectious agents (in particular gold, bismuth, arsenic, quinine, quinidine, quinacrine) may cause the symptoms characteristic of the disease. The lesion itself is not infectious. Symptoms recur in 20% of cases. The rashes are almost always itchy, usually purplish red, polygonal, prominent, firm to the touch, with a characteristic shiny surface when illuminated from the side. New lesions appear at the site of the scratches and sometimes reappear as dark discolouration after the symptoms have disappeared.

The rashes are usually symmetrically distributed over the body, most commonly on the trunk, inner surface of the wrists, soles, acorns and vagina. Half of the people with lichen ruber planus also develop oral ulcers. Rashes on the legs may be particularly large, thick and scaly. The rash can sometimes lead to patchy baldness.

Lichen ruber planus can be effectively treated with narrow spectrum UVB light. Typically 55% of patients are completely asymptomatic, the remaining 20% only partially: 75% are asymptomatic.

Specialist medical examination for patients returning after an absence of more than six months 30.000.- Ft.